http://www.introductory-sanskrit.com/3-nomacc.html
Nouns have gender (M F N)
Nouns in Sanskrit, as in English, are spoken of as substantives (e.g., in possessing सत्त्व, ¡§substance¡¨). But whereas English only shows gender in the 3rd person pronoun (e.g., ¡§he,¡¨ ¡§she,¡¨ ¡§it¡¨), every noun in Sanskrit has an inherent gender (as in German, French, etc.). Gender¡Xmasculine, feminine, and neuter¡Xis therefore a conventional rather than biological fact in Sanskrit. While males (male animals, titles, etc.) tend to be masculine and females tend to be feminine, even here there are exceptions. For example, one word for wife (दार) is masculine. On the other hand, one word for friend is neuter (मित्र) while another is masculine (सहाय).
Gender must therefore simply be memorized on a word by word basis. The reason you need to know a word¡¦s gender is because words of different genders often take different case-endings. For example, the masculine singular nominative case-ending for -a final stems is ः (कूप ¡÷ nom. कूपः), while the same for neuters is म् (वन ¡÷ nom. वनम्) For this reason, you should add a nominative singular case ending to the nominal vocabulary in every lesson in the textbook, so that you can memorize words¡¦ gender at the same time you memorize their meaning. For example, in Lesson 3, change the masculines beginning with अश्व to अश्वः, etc., and the neuters beginning with अन्न to अन्नम्, etc. This has already been done for you in the Anki flaschcard file.
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±ë语¤¤ªº¦W词¡A´N¹³^语¤¤¤@ý©¡A³Q称为实Ê^¡]¨Ò¦p¡A¦b拥¦³¥»质时¡A¡§ª«质¡¨¡^¡C¦ý¬O¡A尽ºÞ^语仅¦b²Ä¤T¤H称¥N词¤¤显¥Ü©Ê别¡]¨Ò¦p¡A¡§¥L¡¨¡B¡§¦o¡¨¡B¡§¥¦¡¨¡^¡A¦ý±ë语¤¤ªº¨C个¦W词³£¨ã¦³©T¦³ªº©Ê别¡]¦p¼w语¡Bªk语µ¥¡^¡C¦]¦¹¡A©Ê别¡X¡X¨k©Ê¡B¤k©Ê©M¤¤©Ê¡X¡X¦b±ë¤å¤¤¬O¤@个传统ªº¦Ó«D¥Íª«学ªº¨Æ实¡C虽µM¨k©Ê¡]¶¯©Ê动ª«¡B头衔µ¥¡^倾¦V¤_¨k©Ê¤Æ¡A¤k©Ê倾¦V¤_¤k©Ê¤Æ¡A¦ý§Y¨Ï¦b这¨½¤]¦³¨Ò¥~¡C¨Ò¦p¡A©d¤lªº¤@个词¬O¨k©Ê¤Æ¡C¥t¤@¤è±¡AªB¤Íªº¤@个词¬O¤¤©Ê¡]ªB¤Í¡^¡A¦Ó¥t¤@个词¬O阳©Ê¡]ûñ§U¡^¡C
¦]¦¹¡A©Ê别¥²须简单¦a³v¦r记忆¡C±z»Ýnª¾¹D¤@个词ªº©Ê别ªºì¦]¬O¦]为¤£¦P©Ê别ªº词³q±`ªö¥Î¤£¦Pªº¤j¤p写结§À¡C¨Ò¦p¡A-a ³Ì终词¤zªº阳©Ê单数¥D®æ结§À¬O : (coupe ¡÷ nom. coupe
¡A¦Ó¤¤©Ê词¤]¬O m (one ¡÷ nom. vanam) ¦]¦¹¡A±z应该²K¥[¥D®æ单数课¥»¨C节课¥H¦W词©Ê词汇结§À¡A这ý©§A´N¥i¥H¦b记¦í词ú媺¦P时记¦í词ªº©Ê别¡C¨Ò¦p¡A¦b²Ä 3 课¤¤¡A将¥H Ashwa 开头ªº¨k©Ê§ó§ï为 Ashwa µ¥¡A将¥H Annam 开头ªº¤¤©Ê§ó§ï为 Annam µ¥¡C这¤w经¦b Anki flaschcard ¤å¥ó¤¤为±z§¹¦¨¤F¡C
Gender¡Xmasculine, feminine, and neuter
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